Summer in Texas means longer days, backyard barbecues, evenings outside, and unfortunately, mosquitoes.

As mosquito season reaches its peak, health officials are reminding Texans to take extra precautions against West Nile virus, the most common mosquito-borne disease in the United States. The reminder comes as cases begin to appear across the state, including a recently reported human case in Denton County. Texas has reported 976 cases of West Nile virus and 106 related deaths over the past five years, underscoring the importance of prevention.

The good news is that protecting yourself is often simple.

What is West Nile virus?

West Nile virus is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Most people who become infected never know they have it. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Texas Department of State Health Services, about 80% of people experience no symptoms at all. About one in five people develop a mild illness that may include fever, headache, body aches, fatigue, nausea, or a skin rash.

In rare cases, the virus can affect the brain or nervous system, leading to serious complications such as neck stiffness, confusion, muscle weakness, tremors, seizures, or paralysis. Older adults and people with weakened immune systems or chronic medical conditions are at greater risk for severe illness.

Simple steps can make a big difference

Reducing your risk starts before you head outside.

Use an EPA-registered insect repellent, especially during dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are most active. Wear long sleeves and pants if you'll be outdoors for extended periods. Around your home, empty standing water from flowerpots, buckets, bird baths, clogged gutters, children's toys, and other containers where mosquitoes can breed. Repair window and door screens to help keep insects outside.

These small habits can significantly reduce your chances of being bitten.

Know when it's time to call your doctor

Many summer illnesses share similar symptoms, making it difficult to know whether a mosquito bite could be the cause. If you develop a fever, severe headache, confusion, neck stiffness, muscle weakness, or other concerning symptoms after spending time outdoors, don't ignore them.

Seeking medical care promptly is especially important for older adults and anyone with underlying health conditions. While there is no specific treatment for West Nile virus, early medical evaluation can help identify serious complications and ensure you receive appropriate care.

Summer is also a good reminder to stay connected with your primary care provider. Regular checkups can help manage chronic conditions that may increase the risk of severe illness and provide an opportunity to discuss any health concerns before they become more serious.

As Texans continue enjoying everything summer has to offer, a few simple precautions and a trusted relationship with your healthcare provider can help keep you and your family healthy all season long.